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"Migration and Land Use Change in Europe: A Review"
Simon Bell and Susana Alves and Eva Silveirinha de Oliveira and Affonso Zuin
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Abstract
1
Introduction
2
Migration and its role in landscape change: previous studies
2.1
Migration: Definitions
2.2
Environmental support in the context of migration: The role of push and pull factors
3
Historical patterns and processes of migration
3.1
Phases of migration
4
Types of migration
4.1
Labour migration in the EU
4.2
Forced migration
4.3
International retirement migration (IRM)
4.4
Internal migration
5
Characteristics of immigrants in urban areas
6
Predicted migration and resulting population changes
7
Land use change processes resulting from migration pressures
8
Projected effects of migration pressures on land use change at NUTSx
8.1
Land abandonment in Latvia as a result of out-migration
8.2
Suburbanisation of the rural coastal landscape in Spain as a result of international retirement migration
8.3
Urban growth in Lisbon as a result of immigration
9
Conclusions
References
Footnotes
Figures
Tables
Figure 9:
Map showing the land abandonment in Dzerbene pagast (rural municipality), Latvia (Source: Simon Bell).